• 2020, GlaxoSmithKline (GSK), which has a TB drug development program focused on developing drugs that are effective against drug-resistant TB. GSK is currently testing a drug called GSK3036656 in clinical trials, which has shown promise in early studies.

• 2019, Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. received approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for a new TB drug, Pretomanid, for the treatment of extensively drug-resistant TB.

• 2019, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved a new drug called pretomanid. Pretomanid is part of a three-drug regimen called BPaL, which also includes bedaquiline and linezolid, that has been shown to be highly effective in treating highly drug-resistant forms of TB. In a phase Ill trial conducted in South Africa, the BPaL regimen cured 90% of patients with extensively drug-resistant TB, a form of TB that is resistant to at least four of the main TB drugs. The BPaL regimen is also shorter than the previous standard of care for drug-resistant TB, taking just six months instead of up to two years.

In this report, the Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market has been segmented by Therapy Type, Disease Type, Dosage Form, Distribution Channel, and Geography.

Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market, Segmentation by Therapy Type

The Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market has been segmented by Therapy Type into First Line Drug therapy - Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Ethambutol, Pyrazinamide and Streptomycin, Second Line Drugs Therapy - Bedaquiline, Fluoroquinolones, Bacteriostatic Agents, and Others, and Combination Drug Therapy.

First Line Drug Therapy - Isoniazid, Rifampicin, Ethambutol, Pyrazinamide and Streptomycin

First line drug therapy dominates the tuberculosis therapeutics market, accounting for approximately 65% of the global share. These drugs are the primary treatment option for drug-sensitive TB and are recommended by the World Health Organization. Their high efficacy, availability, and low cost support widespread adoption, particularly in high-burden countries.

Second Line Drugs Therapy - Bedaquiline, Fluoroquinolones, Bacteriostatic Agents, and Others

Second line drugs make up about 25% of the market, used in cases of multidrug-resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) TB. This segment includes bedaquiline, fluoroquinolones, and other bacteriostatic agents. Though costlier, their role is critical in managing treatment-resistant TB strains.

Combination Drug Therapy

Combination drug therapy represents nearly 10% of the tuberculosis therapeutics market. These regimens combine multiple first-line or second-line agents to improve treatment adherence, reduce pill burden, and enhance therapeutic effectiveness. Fixed-dose combinations are increasingly adopted in national TB control programs.

Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market, Segmentation by Disease Type

The Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market has been segmented by Disease Type into Pulmonary Tuberculosis and Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis.

Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Pulmonary tuberculosis accounts for approximately 80% of the global tuberculosis therapeutics market. It primarily affects the lungs and is the most transmissible form of TB. Due to its high prevalence and public health implications, this segment receives major focus in treatment protocols and national TB programs.

Extrapulmonary Tuberculosis

Extrapulmonary tuberculosis holds about 20% of the market and involves TB infections in areas other than the lungs, such as the lymph nodes, bones, meninges, or genitourinary tract. Diagnosing and treating this form often requires specialized diagnostic tools and extended therapeutic regimens.

Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market, Segmentation by Dosage Form

The Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market has been segmented by Dosage Form into Tablets, Capsules, Injection, and Others.

Tablets

Tablets dominate the tuberculosis therapeutics market, accounting for nearly 60% of the global share. Widely used in first-line drug regimens, tablets offer ease of administration, cost-effectiveness, and patient compliance, especially in resource-limited settings through directly observed therapy (DOT).

Capsules

Capsules contribute around 15% to the market and are typically used for second-line therapies or fixed-dose combinations. Their better stability and ease of swallowing make them suitable for long-term treatment regimens, particularly in cases of multidrug-resistant TB.

Injection

Injections hold approximately 20% of the tuberculosis therapeutics market. Often used in hospitalized or drug-resistant TB cases, they provide rapid drug delivery and are essential for administering agents like streptomycin and bedaquiline. Injectable forms are also important during the intensive treatment phase.

Others

The "Others" category, comprising suspensions, dispersible tablets, and oral solutions, represents around 5% of the market. These formulations are mainly targeted at pediatric and geriatric populations, offering customized dosing options and improved treatment adherence.

Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market, Segmentation by Distribution Channel

The Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market has been segmented by Distribution Channel into Hospital Pharmacy, Retail Pharmacy, and Online Pharmacy.

Hospital Pharmacy

Hospital pharmacies dominate the distribution landscape, contributing nearly 50% of the global tuberculosis therapeutics market. These facilities dispense first-line and second-line anti-TB drugs directly to patients, especially in public health settings and DOTS-based treatment programs managed by governments.

Retail Pharmacy

Retail pharmacies account for around 35% of the market. They serve as key access points for TB medications, particularly in urban and semi-urban areas. As awareness and self-referral rates rise, retail pharmacies play an increasing role in outpatient TB drug distribution.

Online Pharmacy

Online pharmacies contribute approximately 15% to the distribution channel segment. Their growth is driven by digital health adoption, home delivery services, and ease of prescription uploads. They are increasingly used for long-term drug refills in chronic TB management.

Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market, Segmentation by Geography

In this report, the Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market has been segmented by Geography into five regions; North America, Europe, Asia Pacific, Middle East and Africa and Latin America.

Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market Share (%), by Geographical Region, 2024

North America

North America accounts for approximately 18% of the tuberculosis therapeutics market. The region benefits from advanced healthcare systems, public health surveillance programs, and rising focus on latent TB treatment, especially in high-risk populations such as immunocompromised individuals and migrants.

Europe

Europe holds nearly 20% of the global market share. Countries such as Germany, France, and the UK are leading in drug-resistance management and cross-border TB prevention initiatives. The region emphasizes short-course combination therapies and second-line treatment access.

Asia Pacific

Asia Pacific dominates the tuberculosis therapeutics market with a share of about 45%. High disease burden in countries like India, China, and Indonesia drives demand for both first-line and second-line anti-TB drugs. Government-led programs and international partnerships are accelerating treatment accessibility.

Middle East and Africa

Middle East and Africa contribute approximately 10% to the market. The region faces challenges like limited healthcare infrastructure and rising multidrug-resistant TB cases. Ongoing efforts to expand drug availability and improve treatment outcomes are gaining momentum through global health funding.

Latin America

Latin America holds around 7% of the global tuberculosis therapeutics market. Brazil, Peru, and Mexico are actively engaged in public sector TB treatment programs. Increased emphasis on early-stage diagnosis and free drug distribution initiatives support regional growth.

This report provides an in depth analysis of various factors that impact the dynamics of Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market. These factors include; Market Drivers, Restraints and Opportunities Analysis.

Drivers, Restraints and Opportunity Analysis

Drivers

• Increasing TB prevalence worldwide
• Advancements in diagnostic tools
• Government funding initiatives

• Rising healthcare expenditure - Increasing healthcare expenditure globally is playing a critical role in accelerating the growth of the tuberculosis therapeutics market. As both governments and private sectors invest more in healthcare systems, the availability and access to advanced TB treatments are improving. This financial commitment supports the procurement of essential drugs and expands treatment capabilities, especially in high-burden regions.

  With growing health budgets, nations can adopt newer regimens such as fixed-dose combinations and shorter treatment cycles, which enhance patient adherence and lower drug resistance risks. Additionally, well-funded systems are better positioned to implement monitoring mechanisms, enabling continuous care and reducing the likelihood of relapse or treatment failure.

  Rising economies are strategically channeling healthcare funds toward tuberculosis elimination goals, often backed by multilateral organizations. This influx of investment improves infrastructure, treatment affordability, and patient outreach, making therapeutics more accessible to vulnerable populations. Subsidized programs further support treatment adoption in economically challenged regions.

  Ultimately, the upward trend in healthcare spending is creating a robust platform for sustainable market growth. It is allowing for the integration of new therapies and fostering innovation in treatment delivery, ensuring that the tuberculosis therapeutics sector continues to expand in line with global health priorities.

Restraints

• Drug resistance challenges
• High treatment costs

• Limited awareness programs - A key limitation in the expansion of the tuberculosis therapeutics market is the lack of effective awareness programs. In many developing and under-resourced regions, people remain uninformed about tuberculosis symptoms, available treatments, and the importance of early medical intervention. This knowledge gap results in delayed diagnoses and limits the impact of available therapeutic options.

  Public health campaigns for TB often receive less attention than those for other infectious diseases, leading to continued stigma and misconceptions. Many individuals may be unaware that TB is fully treatable, which discourages timely healthcare-seeking behavior. As a result, undiagnosed or late-stage cases persist even when treatments are available and affordable.

  Even where free or subsidized medications exist, limited community outreach and low health literacy hinder proper utilization. Patients often lack guidance on the importance of completing full treatment regimens, increasing the risk of resistance and relapse. Without clear, widespread communication, the effectiveness of therapeutics is significantly reduced.

  Improving public education and conducting ongoing awareness efforts are crucial for overcoming these barriers. Without expanding the reach of TB awareness campaigns, the uptake of therapeutics will remain restricted, impeding market potential despite scientific and pharmaceutical advancements.

Opportunities

• Emerging markets potential
• New drug developments

• Public-private partnerships - The rise of public-private partnerships (PPPs) is creating strong opportunities within the tuberculosis therapeutics market. By aligning the strengths of private pharmaceutical companies with the infrastructure and reach of public health bodies, these partnerships are accelerating drug development and improving treatment accessibility. This collaboration model enables broader impact at both national and global levels.

  Pharmaceutical innovators contribute research expertise and production capacity, while public institutions provide regulatory support, funding, and policy frameworks. Together, they expedite the rollout of new TB treatment solutions and facilitate their distribution in high-demand regions. This synergy helps reduce treatment costs and enhances product availability.

  Notable global initiatives such as the Global Drug Facility and the TB Alliance have demonstrated how PPPs can expand reach and reduce inequities in care. These collaborations support bulk purchasing, subsidized pricing, and reliable delivery systems, ensuring that even remote populations can access life-saving therapies.

  As governments seek to modernize TB treatment strategies, the continued growth of PPPs will play a central role in shaping a more resilient and equitable therapeutic landscape. This approach promotes long-term market expansion by driving innovation and improving the delivery of tuberculosis care across diverse populations.

Key players in Tuberculosis Therapeutics Market include:

• Otsuka Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd
• Novartis AG
• Lupin Pharmaceuticals, Inc
• Pfizer Inc
• Sanofi
• Bayer AG
• Eli Lilly and Company
• GlaxoSmithKline plc
• Johnson & Johnson
• Macleods Pharmaceuticals Limited

In this report, the profile of each market player provides following information:

• Company Overview and Product Portfolio
• Market Share Analysis
• Key Developments
• Financial Overview
• Strategies
• Company SWOT Analysis